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Phosphofructokinase superfamily

SCOP classification
Root:   SCOP hierarchy in SUPERFAMILY [ 0] (11)
Class:   Alpha and beta proteins (a/b) [ 51349] (147)
Fold:   Phosphofructokinase [ 53783]
Superfamily:   Phosphofructokinase [ 53784]
Families:   Phosphofructokinase [ 53785] (2)

Superfamily statistics
Genomes (1,800) Uniprot 2013_05 PDB chains (SCOP 1.75)
Domains 4,258 9,551 5
Proteins 3,508 8,737 5

 Functional annotation
General category Metabolism
Detailed category Energy

Document: Function annotation of SCOP domain superfamilies

Gene Ontology (high-quality)

(show details)
GO termFDR (singleton)FDR (all)SDFO levelAnnotation (direct or inherited)
Biological Process (BP)regulation of cellular process0.32141Least InformativeInherited
Biological Process (BP)carbohydrate metabolic process00Moderately InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)organic substance catabolic process00Moderately InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)regulation of signaling0.0038770.0475Moderately InformativeInherited
Biological Process (BP)regulation of cell communication0.0039990.04849Moderately InformativeInherited
Biological Process (BP)regulation of localization0.0027950.006674Moderately InformativeInherited
Biological Process (BP)carbohydrate catabolic process00InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)hexose metabolic process00InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)regulation of secretion3.671e-055.922e-06InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)glycolysis00Highly InformativeDirect
Biological Process (BP)regulation of insulin secretion1.06e-076.27e-10Highly InformativeDirect
Molecular Function (MF)transferase activity00Least InformativeDirect
Molecular Function (MF)transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups00Moderately InformativeDirect
Molecular Function (MF)kinase activity00InformativeDirect
Molecular Function (MF)phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor00InformativeDirect
Molecular Function (MF)carbohydrate kinase activity00Highly InformativeDirect
Cellular Component (CC)cytoplasmic part2.751e-093.129e-15Least InformativeDirect
Cellular Component (CC)protein complex4.217e-066.467e-08Least InformativeDirect
Cellular Component (CC)cytosol00Moderately InformativeDirect

Document: GO annotation of SCOP domains

Gene Ontology (high-coverage)

(show details)
GO term FDR (all) SDFO level Annotation (direct or inherited)
Biological Process (BP) cellular component organization or biogenesis 0.5656 Least Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) regulation of cellular process 1 Least Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) response to stimulus 1 Least Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) carbohydrate metabolic process 0 Moderately Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) organic substance catabolic process 0 Moderately Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) regulation of signaling 0.0475 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) regulation of cell communication 0.04849 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) macromolecular complex subunit organization 0.02172 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) cellular component biogenesis 0.08552 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) regulation of localization 0.006674 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) homeostatic process 0.01128 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) response to organic substance 0.03374 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) response to oxygen-containing compound 0.002742 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) carbohydrate derivative metabolic process 0.01528 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) organophosphate metabolic process 0.02435 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) phosphate-containing compound metabolic process 1 Moderately Informative Inherited
Biological Process (BP) carbohydrate catabolic process 0 Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) hexose metabolic process 0 Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) regulation of secretion 5.922e-06 Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) protein oligomerization 1.588e-05 Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) glycolysis 0 Highly Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) regulation of insulin secretion 6.27e-10 Highly Informative Direct
Biological Process (BP) response to carbohydrate stimulus 2.663e-09 Highly Informative Direct
Molecular Function (MF) transferase activity 0 Least Informative Direct
Molecular Function (MF) binding 1 Least Informative Inherited
Molecular Function (MF) transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups 0 Moderately Informative Direct
Molecular Function (MF) anion binding 0.0004229 Moderately Informative Direct
Molecular Function (MF) heterocyclic compound binding 0.05109 Moderately Informative Inherited
Molecular Function (MF) organic cyclic compound binding 0.05602 Moderately Informative Inherited
Molecular Function (MF) kinase activity 0 Informative Direct
Molecular Function (MF) phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor 0 Informative Direct
Molecular Function (MF) nucleotide binding 2.021e-05 Informative Direct
Molecular Function (MF) carbohydrate kinase activity 0 Highly Informative Direct
Molecular Function (MF) ATP binding 8.936e-08 Highly Informative Direct
Cellular Component (CC) cytoplasmic part 3.129e-15 Least Informative Direct
Cellular Component (CC) protein complex 6.467e-08 Least Informative Direct
Cellular Component (CC) cytosol 0 Moderately Informative Direct

Document: GO annotation of SCOP domains

Enzyme Commission (EC)

(show details)
EC termFDR (all)SDEO levelAnnotation (direct or inherited)
Enzyme Commission (EC)Phosphotransferases with an alcohol group as accep0Moderately InformativeDirect

Document: EC annotation of SCOP domains

Arabidopsis Plant Ontology (AP)

(show details)
AP termFDR (all)SDAP levelAnnotation (direct or inherited)
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)shoot internode0Least InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)root0Least InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)plant embryo0Least InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)portion of meristem tissue0Least InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)vascular leaf0Least InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)megasporophyll0Least InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)microsporophyll0Least InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)sepal0Least InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)stem0Least InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)pedicel0Least InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)androecium0Least InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)gynoecium0Least InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)collective leaf structure0Least InformativeDirect
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)plant cell0.01504Least InformativeInherited
Plant ANatomical entity (PAN)guard cell1.57e-05Moderately InformativeDirect
Plant structure DEvelopment stage (PDE)E expanded cotyledon stage0Least InformativeDirect
Plant structure DEvelopment stage (PDE)C globular stage0Least InformativeDirect
Plant structure DEvelopment stage (PDE)D bilateral stage0Least InformativeDirect

Document: AP annotation of SCOP domains

Enzyme Commission (EC)

(show details)
EC termFDR (all)SDEC levelAnnotation (direct or inherited)
Enzyme Commission (EC)Transferring phosphorous-containing groups0Least InformativeDirect
Enzyme Commission (EC)Phosphotransferases with an alcohol group as acceptor0Moderately InformativeDirect

Document: EC annotation of SCOP domains

UniProtKB KeyWords (KW)

(show details)
KW termFDR (all)SDKW levelAnnotation (direct or inherited)
Biological processGlycolysis0InformativeDirect
Cellular componentCytoplasm0Least InformativeDirect
DomainRepeat1.926e-05Least InformativeDirect
Molecular functionMetal-binding0Least InformativeDirect
Molecular functionNucleotide-binding0Least InformativeDirect
Molecular functionMagnesium0Moderately InformativeDirect
Post-translational modificationTransferase0Least InformativeDirect
Post-translational modificationKinase0Moderately InformativeDirect
Post-translational modificationAcetylation4.531e-07Moderately InformativeDirect

Document: KW annotation of SCOP domains

UniProtKB UniPathway (UP)

(show details)
UP termFDR (all)SDUP levelAnnotation (direct or inherited)
UniPathway (UP)carbohydrate metabolism0Least InformativeDirect
UniPathway (UP)carbohydrate degradation0Moderately InformativeDirect
UniPathway (UP)glycolysis0InformativeDirect

Document: UP annotation of SCOP domains

InterPro annotation
Cross references IPR000023 SSF53784 Protein matches
Abstract The enzyme-catalysed transfer of a phosphoryl group from ATP is an important reaction in a wide variety of biological processes [PubMed2953977]. One enzyme that utilises this reaction is phosphofructokinase (PFK), which catalyses the phosphorylation of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6- bisphosphate, a key regulatory step in the glycolytic pathway [PubMed12023862, PubMed7825568]. PFK exists as a homotetramer in bacteria and mammals (where each monomer possesses 2 similar domains), and as an octomer in yeast (where there are 4 alpha- (PFK1) and 4 beta-chains (PFK2), the latter, like the mammalian monomers, possessing 2 similar domains [PubMed7825568]).

PFK is ~300 amino acids in length, and structural studies of the bacterial enzyme have shown it comprises two similar (alpha/beta) lobes: one involved in ATP binding and the other housing both the substrate-binding site and the allosteric site (a regulatory binding site distinct from the active site, but that affects enzyme activity). The identical tetramer subunits adopt 2 different conformations: in a 'closed' state, the bound magnesium ion bridges the phosphoryl groups of the enzyme products (ADP and fructose-1,6- bisphosphate); and in an 'open' state, the magnesium ion binds only the ADP [PubMed2975709], as the 2 products are now further apart. These conformations are thought to be successive stages of a reaction pathway that requires subunit closure to bring the 2 molecules sufficiently close to react [PubMed2975709].

Deficiency in PFK leads to glycogenosis type VII (Tauri's disease), an autosomal recessive disorder characterised by severe nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps and myoglobinuria in response to bursts of intense or vigorous exercise [PubMed7825568]. Sufferers are usually able to lead a reasonably ordinary life by learning to adjust activity levels [PubMed7825568].


InterPro database

PDBeMotif information about ligands, sequence and structure motifs
Cross references PDB entries
Ligand binding statistics
Nucleic-acid binding statistics
Occurrence of secondary structure elements
Occurrence of small 3D structural motifs

PDBeMotif resource

Jump to [ Top of page · SCOP classification · InterPro annotation · PDBeMotif links · Functional annotation · Gene Ontology (high-quality) · Gene Ontology (high-coverage) · Enzyme Commission (EC) · Arabidopsis Plant Ontology (AP) · Enzyme Commission (EC) · UniProtKB KeyWords (KW) · UniProtKB UniPathway (UP) ]

Internal database links

Browse genome assignments for this superfamily. The SUPERFAMILY hidden Markov model library has been used to carry out SCOP domain assignments to all genomes at the superfamily level.

Alignments of sequences to 3 models in this superfamily are available by clicking on the 'Alignments' icon above. PDB sequences less than 40% identical are shown by default, but any other sequence(s) may be aligned. Select PDB sequences, genome sequences, or paste in or upload your own sequences.


Browse and view proteins in genomes which have different domain combinations including a Phosphofructokinase domain.

Examine the distribution of domain superfamilies, or families, across the major taxonomic kingdoms or genomes within a kingdom. This gives an immediate impression of how superfamilies, or families, are restricted to certain kingdoms of life.


Explore domain occurrence network where nodes represent genomes and edges are domain architectures (shared between genomes) containing the superfamily of interest.

There are 3 hidden Markov models representing the Phosphofructokinase superfamily. Information on how the models are built, and plots showing hydrophobicity, match emmission probabilities and insertion/deletion probabilities can be inspected.


Jump to [ Top of page · SCOP classification · InterPro annotation · PDBeMotif links · Functional annotation · Gene Ontology (high-quality) · Gene Ontology (high-coverage) · Enzyme Commission (EC) · Arabidopsis Plant Ontology (AP) · Enzyme Commission (EC) · UniProtKB KeyWords (KW) · UniProtKB UniPathway (UP) · Internal database links ]
Please cite: Gough, J., Karplus, K., Hughey, R. and Chothia, C. (2001). "Assignment of Homology to Genome Sequences using a Library of Hidden Markov Models that Represent all Proteins of Known Structure." J. Mol. Biol., 313(4), 903-919.

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© Copyright 2013 The SUPERFAMILY authors and Julian Gough.